While most children outgrow nail-biting, the habit can persist into adulthood in some cases. Nipping it in the bud is important.
If the habit interferes with the child’s daily functioning, if there’s visible damage and disfigurement of the nails, and if several attempts to curb it have failed.
The several possible causes include boredom, genetics and psychological conditions such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression, anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Nails protect the fingertips and surrounding tissues. Constant nail-biting can disfigure the nail bed, reduce the surface area of the nail and inhibit nail growth.
Infections are another consequence of nail-biting. The bacteria in the mouth can get transferred to the nails, causing infection of the nail bed and tissues around the nails. Bacteria from the nails can also get into the mouth.
Compulsive nail-biting can also cause gum diseases, tooth decay and tooth chipping due to friction between the nails and teeth.
Keep the child’s hands occupied by engaging them in activities. Apply a bitter-tasting nail polish, neem oil on the nails. Interventions like play therapy, cognitive behavioural therapy can help.