Proteins are large, complex molecules with a long chain of amino acids (building blocks of proteins) that play a pivotal role as the components that drive almost all bodily functions. They execute a multitude of tasks in the body.
A protein’s function depends on its shape and structure. Protein folding is the process by which a long chain of amino acids is folded in such a way as to carry out its designated function.
On the flip side, occasionally, complications arise during the protein folding process, leading to misfolded proteins. The result is they become ineffective in their task and could even cause toxicity to the cell. Additionally, genetic mutations can give rise to dysfunctional proteins. A classic example is an accumulation of amyloid beta proteins that lead to clumping in brain cells, causing Alzheimer’s.
The following infographic depicts the role of 5 crucial brain proteins known to be hallmarks of neurodegenerative conditions. Nonetheless, when these proteins are folded precisely and function optimally, they play prominent roles in sustaining optimal brain functions.
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